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At A Glance
CPM 20CV and M390 are top-tier blade steels known for their excellent wear resistance, hardness, and corrosion resistance. They have similar chemical compositions, leading to comparable performance. Their hardness levels make them ideal for premium knives, while their high chromium content offers superior corrosion resistance. However, they may be slightly challenging to sharpen due to their hardness. Both steels maintain sharpness well, but as premium-grade materials, they come at a higher price point. The choice between CPM 20CV and M390 depends on the knife’s intended use and the user’s preference.
Top Rated Knives
CPM 20CV
M390
Blade steel is a paramount determinant when selecting a knife. CPM 20CV and M390 are two sought-after blade steels frequently compared. In this discourse, we will assess CPM 20CV and M390 in light of their composition, hardness, toughness, corrosion resistance, edge retention, and ease of sharpening to identify which steel type outperforms the other for knives.
Entering the realm of knife-making materials can seem daunting for both seasoned aficionados and novices alike.
Aiming to clarify this subject, this article will provide a comprehensive comparison of two commonly used knife steel types: Crucible Particle Metallurgy’s 20CV (CPM 20CV) and Bohler’s M390.
We’ll be examining their chemical makeup, hardness, toughness, corrosion resistance, edge retention, and ease of sharpening to settle which steel type triumphs for knives.
Steel Background
Before delving into the comparison, it’s key to comprehend what each steel type is and their manufacturing process.
CPM 20CV
CPM 20CV is a martensitic stainless steel produced by the U.S. company Crucible Industries using their proprietary Crucible Particle Metallurgy process. The steel is known for its exceptional wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and very good edge retention, making it a popular choice for premium-grade knife steel.
M390
M390 is a martensitic stainless steel produced by the Austrian company Bohler. It is well-regarded for its high hardness and excellent corrosion resistance. It has similar characteristics to CPM 20CV and is often used in premium and high-end knives.
Steel Composition
The primary comparison point is the chemical composition of each steel.
CPM 20CV
- Carbon: 1.9%
- Chromium: 20%
- Vanadium: 4%
- Molybdenum: 1%
- Manganese: 0.3%
- Silicon: 0.6%
- Phosphorus: 0.03%
- Sulfur: 0.02%
M390
- Carbon: 1.9%
- Chromium: 20%
- Vanadium: 4%
- Molybdenum: 1%
- Manganese: 0.3%
- Silicon: 0.7%
- Phosphorus: 0.03%
- Sulfur: 0.02%
From the above composition, it’s clear that CPM 20CV and M390 have almost identical compositions, contributing to their similar performance characteristics.
CPM 20CV vs M390 – Complete Comparison
Hardness
Hardness is a vital quality of knife steel, affecting edge retention and wear resistance.
CPM 20CV has a Rockwell hardness (HRC) of 59-61, offering excellent wear resistance and making it ideal for high-performance knives.
M390 also displays a Rockwell hardness (HRC) of 60-62, ensuring high wear resistance, making it an excellent option for premium knives.
Toughness
Toughness pertains to a steel’s ability to resist chips and cracks.
Both CPM 20CV and M390 are quite tough for their high hardness and wear resistance. They are well suited to handle heavy-duty tasks without chipping or cracking.
Corrosion Resistance
Corrosion resistance is the measure of a steel’s ability to resist rust.
With a chromium content of 20%, both CPM 20CV and M390 offer excellent corrosion resistance, making them ideal for knives exposed to humid or marine environments.
Ease of Sharpening
Ease of Sharpening refers to how simple it is to sharpen the steel.
Both CPM 20CV and M390 are known for their hardness, so they can be slightly more difficult to sharpen than softer steels. However, with the right tools and technique, they can be honed to a razor-sharp edge.
Edge Retention
Edge retention is the ability of steel to maintain its sharpness during use.
Both CPM 20CV and M390 are renowned for their excellent edge retention, attributable to their high hardness and wear resistance. This makes them perfect for tasks requiring a sharp edge over extended periods.
Price
Both CPM 20CV and M390 are premium-grade steels, and their prices reflect this. Expect knives made from these materials to be at a higher price point than those made from more common or lower-grade steels.
Conclusion
In comparing CPM 20CV and M390, it’s clear both are exceptional blade steels with their own merits. CPM 20CV offers excellent wear and corrosion resistance, coupled with remarkable edge retention, ideal for knives used in demanding situations. M390 mirrors these qualities, making it a great fit for premium and high-end knives.
Ultimately, choosing between CPM 20CV and M390 will hinge on the intended use of the knife and individual preference. Both steels are superior choices for knives and favored by many knife makers and manufacturers. As always, it is crucial to purchase from a reputable brand and manufacturer to ensure the full potential of the steel is realized.
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When you visit a merchant by clicking a link on this site we may make a commission on anything you buy (at no additional cost to you). Affiliate programs and affiliations include, but are not limited to Amazon Associates and the eBay Partner Network.”